英语翻译People process information in two ways:(a) systematic-controlled and (b) automatic.Controlled information processing is used in novel situations where there is little prior experience to fall back on.Here information is actively sought an

英语翻译People process information in two ways:(a) systematic-controlled and (b) automatic.Controlled information processing is used in novel situations where there is little prior experience to fall back on.Here information is actively sought an
英语翻译
People process information in two ways:(a) systematic-controlled and (b) automatic.Controlled information processing is used in novel situations where there is little prior experience to fall back on.Here information is actively sought and carefully processed to make a high-quality decision.This type of decision making is often characterized as “rational” (Sim & Cioia,1986).Models of rational decision making such as expectancy theory (Vroom,1964) tend to work well in accounting for behavior in non routine situations (e.g.,choosing a career) but do less well in trying to explain routine behaviors such as sustained levels of performance (Wanous,keon,& Latack,1983).Once experience accumulates with a particular decision or task,systematic decision processes give way to reliance on automatic processes using established mental models and routines.The first time a chef prepares a dish involves very different information processing than the hundredth time.Mental models that organize knowledge in a systematic way are schemas.Schemas organize experience in meaningful ways and make it possible for people to deal with ambiguity in well-practiced ways and predict what should happen next.If people have experience with travel,marketing,or damage control,there are schemas for planning a trip,introducing a new product,or breaking bad news.Once a schema is formed,there is less review of current facts and circumstances and more reliance on what is already known.
A contract is one type of schema developed through experience.It may be created by controlled,rational processes (e.g.,what’s in it for me,what evidence is there that I can trust the other party),but once created,contracts become more automatic.The newcomers and veterans in sheet Mental Company display two different sets of schemas (contracts) existing side by side based on whether people were hired in the 1970s or the 1990s.As there is a great tendency to continue a contract,the schemas people form are stable and predictive of future behavior.People do not necessarily work hard on changing schemas.People work hard on fitting experiences into them.Changes at SMC are seen through the lens of the contract each member holds.

英语翻译People process information in two ways:(a) systematic-controlled and (b) automatic.Controlled information processing is used in novel situations where there is little prior experience to fall back on.Here information is actively sought an
人们处理信息的方式有两种：（一）系统的控制和（ b ）自动.控制信息处理中使用新型的情况下,很少有以往的经验回落的.这里的信息是积极争取和认真处理,使高品质的决定.这种类型的决策往往是定性为“合理” （ SIM卡与Cioia ,1986年） .模型的合理决策,如期望理论（隆,1964年）往往在工作以及会计行为的非例行的情况（例如,选择了职业生涯） ,但不那么在试图解释日常行为,如持续的性能水平（ 基翁 ,1983 ） .一旦积累经验,尤其决定或任务,系统决策过程让位给依赖于自动程序使用建立心智模式和套路.首次厨师准备一盘涉及非常不同的信息处理时间比100 .心智模式的组织知识系统的方式是架构.架构组织经验有意义的方式,并有可能为人们处理含糊不清的练习方法和预测未来会发生什么.如果人们有经验,旅游,营销或损坏的控制,有架构的规划访问,引进新产品,或突发性坏消息.一旦形成模式,有少审查目前的事实和情况,并更多地依靠什么是已知的.
合同是一种架构开发的经验.它可能会产生的控制,合理的程序（例如,什么是在这对我来说,有什么证据可以表明我可以信任的另一方） ,但一旦建立,合同变得更加自动化.新来的资产负债表和退伍军人心理公司展示了两套不同的模式（合同）并存的基础上是否被聘用的人在20世纪70年代或90年代.由于是一个伟大的趋势继续合同,人民的架构形式稳定和预测未来的行为.人们不一定努力改变模式.人民艰苦奋斗的拟合经验到它们.变更校董会被通过镜头的每一个成员的合同搁置